KH-5 (Keyhole 5, codenamed Argon) Les satellites étaient manufacturés par Lockheed. This was one of the tasks that had originally been planned for the SAMOS series of satellites equipped with the (quickly cancelled) E-4 cameras. Re: KH-9 HEXAGON Reconnaissance Satellite « Reply #636 on: 11/25/2020 08:27 pm » Note that the "GARWIN" mentioned in the document is most likely Richard Garwin, a scientific advisor. In FY1958, WS-117L was funded by the AF at a level of US$108.2 million (inflation adjusted US$0.88 billion in 2020). A satellite internet provider isn’t the ideal solution, but in cases where you’re limited to either dial up or satellite it can be a big step up. Launches used Thor-Agena rockets flying from Vandenberg Air Force Base, with the payload being integrated into the Agena. "Keyhole optic and Lacrosse/Onyx radar reconnaissance satellite network" 1 This Swanson blue rubber-stamp cachet has radial antennas like those on ESRO-2A . The satellite was manufactured by Lockheed. 140 m. USA-186 (Keyhole KH-13 series) Hubble-type optical reconnaissance satellite. Their length is believed to be 19.5 meters, with a diameter of up to 3 meters. La série comportait des satellites … Die Bilder wurden auf herkömmlichem Film aufgenommen. KH-13 - This U.S. spy satellite is so secret, even the name is probably wrong (the government started giving them random names after people caught onto to the KH numbering system). The area survey See the latest Cambodia RealVue™ weather satellite map, showing a realistic view of Cambodia from space, as taken from weather satellites. Sur les au moins 12 missions lancées, il y eut 7 échecs. The launch occurred at 20:24:00 GMT on 17 February 1961. Spacecraft: Man-In-Space-Soonest, KH-1.. Air Force headquarters affirmed its strong support to demonstrate at the earliest possible date a capability to launch a satellite and to follow as soon thereafter as practicable with a moon impact. Satellite failed to separate from booster. Apogee: 427 km. COSPAR: 1962-Sigma-1. The report, characteristically, was crisp in its assessment: “Mission failed. Images from three of the successful missions returned the first images of Antarctica from space. function was later into the KH-4B satellites, which featured the DISIC camera. The The two satellite types were used in conjunction; low-resolution, wide-area images from a KH-5 would be used to identify targets for high-resolution, "close-look" reconnaissance by a KH-6. At least 12 missions were attempted, but at least 7 resulted in failure. Leur fonctionnement était similaire à celui de la série Corona: les cartouches de films photographiques exposés étaient éjectées du satellite. The United States Air Force credits the Onizuka Air Force Station as being the "birthplace of the Corona program." Class: Surveillance. Lacrosse-3 radar reconnaissance satellite. Earlier KH-5 missions used the Agena-B stage. KH-5; film capsule recovered 4.1 days later. 1958 February 26 - . Ground resolution for the satellite was 140 meters, with a swath of 556 km. This video of the second X-37B (OTV-2) has been taken from southern France on May 21st 2011 at 2:18 UTC. 09 October 1962 KH-5 9046A Launch Site: Vandenberg. At least two missions deployed ELINT subsatellites. The KH-9s were nicknamed Big Bird. A Failed Phoenix: The KH-6 LANYARD Reconnaissance Satellite, Spaceflight, Vol. Not surprisingly, it too failed. The ARGON systems used the designator KH-5 and the LANYARD systems used KH-6. USAF to launch a satellite and moon impact probe at the earliest possible date. The design of the legendary National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) KH-11 type digital imaging reconnaissance spacecraft, top secret for 36 years, has been revealed by the NRO’s transfer to NASA of two surplus recon satellite telescopes which NASA now hopes can be … Agency: USAF. Though satellites are often presumed to be small devices floating around in space, the KH-11s are actually extremely large vehicles. Launches used Thor-Agena rockets flying from Vandenberg Air Force Base, with the payload being integrated into the Agena. KH-1 startete 1960. Day Monday, January 5, 2009 [Editor’s Note: this is the first of a two-part article.] Systematic errors such as lens distortion and atmospheric refraction are also considered and corrected. SRV was deorbited using its own small solid rocket motor. The KH-5 operated similarly to the Corona series of satellites, as it ejected a canister of photographic film. 140 m. The SRV and the camera remained fixed to the Discoverer 20 decayed on 28 July 1962. Discoverer 20 was operated in an Earth orbit, with a perigee of 283 km, an apogee of 770 km, 80.91° of inclination, and a period of 95.81 minutes. Zielgebiet der Satelli… Some satellites carried secondary payloads mounted on the satellite: Two missions carried small satellites into orbit. In May 1958, the Department of Defense directed the transfer of the WS-117L program to Advanced Research Projects Agency. kh-5・アルゴン（kh-5 argon）とは、アメリカ合衆国が1961年 1月から1964年 8月にかけて打ち上げた一連の偵察衛星のコードネームである。 kh-5はコロナ・シリーズと同様に運用された。 写真フィルムを格納した大気圏再突入用カプセルを投下し、それを空中回収することで敵性国家の情報を得ていた。 Spacecraft Bus: WS-117. A month and a half later, on October 26, 1960, the first KH-2 mission, 9011, was flown. 50% of stellar terrain film was blank due to shutter malfunction. Perigee: 283 km (175 mi). The satellite was equipped with a camera with a focal length of 76 mm, which had a resolution of 140 m. Images were recorded onto 127 mm film, and were to have been returned in a Satellite Recovery Vehicle (SRV) before the satellite ceased operations. Corona started under the name "Discoverer" as part of the WS-117L satellite reconnaissance and protection program of the US Air Force in 1956. In 1995 the Central Intelligence Agency declassified the existence of the CORONA series of reconnaissance satellites, which had operated from 1960 until 1972. Early systems (KH-1, KH-2, KH-3, and KH-6) carried a single panoramic camera or a single frame camera (KH-5). camera, was integrated with standard Corona hardware like the return vehicle (SRV). [2], Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Declassified Intelligence Satellite Photography (DISP) Coverage of Antarctica", https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1961-005A, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=KH-5_Argon&oldid=968994468, Reconnaissance satellites of the United States, Articles needing additional references from June 2016, All articles needing additional references, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. 9. Keyhole 5 ou KH-5 est une série des Satellites de reconnaissance optique américain mis en orbite entre février 1961 à août 1964. The purpose of the system, which produced relatively low-resolution images compared to other spy satellites, was to provide imagery for mapmaking purposes. These satellites were all launched under the name Discoverer . Die ersten Satelliten (die Typen KH-1 bis KH-4B) wurden auch Corona genannt. At least 12 missions were attempted, but at least 7 resulted in failure. was the area survey component of the Corona program. The scanned film images are preprocessed beforehand to enhance the quality for further analysis. A NASA history of the Hubble, in discussing the reasons for switching from a 3-meter main mirror to a 2.4-meter design, states: "In addition, changing to a 2.4-meter mirror would lessen fabrication costs by using manufacturing technologies developed for military spy satellites." Inclination: 82.0 deg. Perigee: 213 km. Type: Military surveillance satellite. 2 "Big Bird" was an unofficial or common name for the KH9/Hexagon series. Of the Agena-D series, only #8 failed due to attitude control problems. The Argon camera (also called Corona-A), a single frame camera, was integrated with standard Corona hardware like the return vehicle (SRV). The The KH-5 operated similarly to the Corona series of satellites, as it ejected a canister of photographic film. kh-1 5 [usaf] The KH-1 ( Keyhole-1 ) was the first attempt in the Corona -program to build an optical reconnaissance satellite. The age of film began to fade when the first digital satellite, the KH 11, was launched in 1976. KH-5 9034A - . Different versions of the satellite varied in mass from 1110 to 1500 kg. Later satellites were the KH-4B and KH-7. [1], Discoverer 20 (KH-5 9014A), was a USAF photographic reconnaissance satellite under the supervision of the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO). The Film Read-Out GAMBIT(FROG) served as NRO Program A's competitor to NRO Program B's initial electro-optical imagery (EOI) satellite. Mission numbers were a means for indexing the imagery and associated collateral data. The ground resolution of KH-5 was ca. Mass: 1,150 kg. 460 km und ein Perigäum von ca. This was to be the last of the KH-1 spy satellite flights and tests. KH-5 ( Keyhole 5, codenamed Argon ) was the area survey component of the Corona program. (cameras plus film) USAF Sat Cat: 292 . Each satellite took photographs for less than a week before returning its film. Data is transmitted through a network of communications satellites; the Satellite Data System.The initial ground station for the processing of the electro-optical imaging was a secret National Reconnaissance Office facility in Area 58, located in the continental United States according to the NRO, and more precisely in Fort Belvoiraccording to other sources. Ike’s gambit: The development and operations of the KH-7 and KH-8 spy satellites by Dwayne A. The Argon camera (also called Corona-A), a single frame The onboard camera had a focal length of 76 mm. Discoverer 20 was the first KH-5 ARGON satellite to be launched. ground resolution of KH-5 was ca. Launch Vehicle: Thor Agena B. A variety of camera systems were used with the satellites. The satellite was manufactured by Lockheed. Keyhole 5 ou KH-5 (nom de code Argon) est une série des Satellites de reconnaissance optique américain mis en orbite entre février 1961 à août 1964.Leur fonctionnement était similaire à celui de la série Corona: les cartouches de films photographiques exposés étaient éjectées du satellite. KH-5 ARGON was a series of reconnaissance satellites produced by the United States from February 1961 to August 1964. Payload: KH-5 s/n 9034A/Agena B 1126. Apogee: 550 km (340 mi). 170-174. KH-11s are believed to resemble the Hubble Space Telescope in size and shape, as the satellites were shipped in similar containers. It was assigned the Harvard designation 1961 Epsilon 1. The massive KH-9 Hexagon spy satellite on display at the Smithsonian National Air & Space Museum's Udvar-Hazy Center, after being declassified on Sept. 17, 2011. Declassified satellite imagery (e.g., Corona, Argon and Lanyard) used in early mapping programs may be obtained from the USGS EROS Data Center at 605-594-6151 or custserv@usgs.gov or from the National Archives at 301-837-1926 or carto@nara.gov. The satellite was in use during the same period as the KH-2 to KH-4A CORONA and the KH-6 LANYARD satellites. 165 km. The image below shows the KH-129 satellite captured on September 4, 2010 from a range of 336 kilometers, taken during a pass not far from the lowest point of the orbit of the satellite, even below the orbit of the International Space Station. X-37B confidential USAF shuttle. A History of Satellite Reconnaissance - Volume I, KH-8 Dual Mode (Gambit-3 Dual Mode, Higherboy), Soctop 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 (Aftrack 3, ..., 6, 8, 10), KH-5 8 (Argon 8, Corona 63, Mission 9055A, OPS 1008), KH-5 9 (Argon 9, Corona 70, Mission 9058A, OPS 1561), KH-5 10 (Argon 10, Corona 72, Mission 9059A, OPS 2437), KH-5 11 (Argon 11, Corona 80, Mission 9063A, Long John 4, OPS 3236), KH-5 12 (Argon 12, Corona 84, Mission 9064A, Opporknockity, OPS 2739), KH-5 10 carried the LPARL Aurora 1963c Research Module, KH-5 11 carried the Starflash 1A payload and the Long John 4 (Aftrack 39/Mission 7224) ELINT payload. For Discover… Film capsule ejected into wrong orbit, not recovered. The satellite featured two separate cameras, designated KH-9 and made by the Perkin-Elmer Corp., working together to produce stereo images. KH-5 ARGON was a series of reconnaissance satellites produced by the United States from February 1961 to August 1964. KH-5 12 carried the Starflash 1B payload and the Opporknockity (Aftrack 40/Mission 7215) COMINT payload with coverage in the 66 to 72 MHz band. Please make a donation to support Gunter's Space Page. Recovery of the capsule was not attempted due to a system malfunction, and thus the scientific experiment data obtained were limited. Distance to observer: 341 km (212 miles). A Thor DM-21 Agena-B rocket was used, flying from LC 75-3-4 at the Vandenberg Air Force Base. The satellite weighed 1110 kg. 39, May 1997, pp. The satellite was manufactured by Lockheed. Agena-D stage, which provided three axis control and propulsion during the mission. KH-6 Camera System declassified NPIC document February 1963. This page was last edited on 22 July 2020, at 19:18. This paper proposes an improved rigorous geometric modeling method for the declassified KH-5 ARGON satellite images collected in Antarctica in 1960s. Camera: KH-8, Eastman Kodak, focal length 175 inches, aperture 43.5 inches Film: length up to 12,241 feet, widths 5 and 9.5 inches Image resolution: Objects on the ground less than 2 feet across could be seen on film exposed in orbit Film recovery capsules: One (two in later missions) Payload weight: 4,130 lbs. All other returned their film capsules successfully. KH-12 /5 was launched on 19 October 2005 by a Titan-4 from Vandenberg. Lacrosse-5 radar reconnaissance satellite. Nation: USA. - . The image was recently re-processed with newly improved techniques and is now more interesting. In 1999, NR… Spacecraft: KH-5. At least 12 missions were attempted, but at least 7 resulted in failure. The KH-5 operated similarly to the Corona series of satellites, as it ejected a canister of photographic film. Decay Date: 1963-11-26 . Die Kameras dieser Satelliten hatten Auflösungen von anfangs 7,5 m, später bis zu 1,5 m. Ihr Orbit hatte nach dem Start ein Apogäum von ca. KH-12 /4 was launched on 05 October 2001 by a Titan-4 from Vandenberg. These so-called “optical bar cameras” on the bottom of the satellite spun on their axes, taking overlapping images to form a very large panoramic picture. KH-5 ARGON was a series of reconnaissance satellites produced by the United States from February 1961 to August 1964. Mass: 1,150 kg (2,530 lb). The KH-9 was a 13 ton satellite with multiple cameras and 4 or 5 reentry vehicles for returning the film for developing and analysis. KH-4 nahm ab 1962 als erster Satellit auch stereoskopische Bilder auf.